Introduction to Orumiyeh (Urmia)

Orumiyeh, also known as Urmia, is the capital city of West Azerbaijan Province in northwestern Iran. Nestled near the eastern shore of Lake Urmia, the largest saltwater lake in the Middle East, Orumiyeh is a city rich in history, culture, and natural beauty. With a population of around 700,000, it serves as a major cultural and economic center in the region. Known for its diverse ethnic composition, including Azeris, Kurds, and Armenians, Orumiyeh offers a unique blend of traditions, languages, and cuisines.

Where to Stay

Hotels

1. Ana Hotel
   • A modern and luxurious option, Ana Hotel offers comfortable rooms with contemporary amenities. It features an on-site restaurant, a fitness center, and free Wi-Fi. The hotel’s central location makes it convenient for exploring the city.
2. Darya Hotel
   • Located close to the city center, Darya Hotel provides a range of rooms and suites suitable for different budgets. The hotel has a restaurant serving local and international cuisine, and its helpful staff can assist with travel arrangements.
3. Aria Hotel
   • This mid-range hotel offers clean and comfortable rooms with essential amenities. Its central location provides easy access to major attractions and transportation hubs.
4. Mellat Hotel
   • A budget-friendly option, Mellat Hotel offers basic but comfortable accommodations. It is ideal for travelers looking for a cost-effective stay without compromising on location.

Guesthouses

1. Urmia Guesthouse
   • This guesthouse offers a more homely atmosphere with personalized service. It is a good choice for travelers looking to experience local hospitality and culture.
2. Golestan Guesthouse
   • Located in a quieter part of the city, this guesthouse provides a peaceful retreat with comfortable rooms and a beautiful garden.

What to Visit

Historical and Cultural Sites

1. Bazaar of Urmia
   • One of the oldest bazaars in the region, the Bazaar of Urmia is a vibrant place to experience local life, shop for traditional crafts, spices, and textiles, and sample delicious street food.
2. Urmia Museum
   • This museum houses a fascinating collection of artifacts, including archaeological finds, ethnographic displays, and historical documents. It provides insights into the rich history and cultural heritage of the region.
3. Saint Mary Church
   • One of the oldest churches in Iran, Saint Mary Church is an important religious and historical site. It features beautiful architecture and serves as a testament to the long-standing Christian presence in the region.
4. Sardar Mosque
   • Built during the Qajar era, Sardar Mosque is known for its stunning tile work and intricate design. It remains an active place of worship and a significant cultural landmark.

Natural Attractions

1. Lake Urmia
   • Once one of the largest saltwater lakes in the world, Lake Urmia has faced significant environmental challenges. However, efforts are ongoing to restore its ecological balance. The lake and its surroundings offer opportunities for bird watching, nature walks, and photography.
2. Sham Qaleh
   • A historical fortress located on the shores of Lake Urmia, Sham Qaleh offers breathtaking views of the lake and surrounding landscapes. It’s a great spot for hiking and exploring ancient ruins.
3. Urmia Park
   • A large public park in the city, Urmia Park is perfect for leisurely walks, picnics, and enjoying the outdoors. It features beautiful gardens, playgrounds, and a small lake.
4. Marmisho Lake
   • Located about 45 kilometers west of Urmia, Marmisho Lake is a serene and picturesque destination surrounded by lush forests and mountains. It’s ideal for a day trip involving hiking, fishing, and enjoying nature.

Where to Eat

Restaurants

1. Shater Abbas Restaurant
   • Known for its traditional Persian cuisine, Shater Abbas offers a wide range of kebabs, stews, and rice dishes. The ambiance is warm and inviting, making it a popular choice among locals and tourists alike.
2. Ali Baba Restaurant
   • This restaurant is famous for its Azeri and Kurdish dishes. The menu includes a variety of grilled meats, fresh salads, and hearty soups, all prepared with locally sourced ingredients.
3. Tabriz Restaurant
   • Specializing in Azerbaijani cuisine, Tabriz Restaurant offers dishes like kufta (meatballs), dolma (stuffed vegetables), and various kebabs. The cozy setting and friendly staff enhance the dining experience.
4. Sepehr Restaurant
   • A more upscale option, Sepehr Restaurant serves a mix of Persian and international cuisine. The elegant decor and excellent service make it a great choice for a special night out.

Cafes

1. Cafe Naderi
   • A historic cafe with a nostalgic atmosphere, Cafe Naderi is perfect for enjoying a cup of coffee or tea while soaking in the ambiance. It also serves light snacks and pastries.
2. Golestan Cafe
   • Located near the city center, Golestan Cafe offers a wide range of beverages, including traditional Persian teas and coffees, as well as light meals and desserts.
3. Aroma Cafe
   • A modern and trendy spot, Aroma Cafe is popular among younger locals. It offers a variety of coffees, teas, and smoothies, along with sandwiches and pastries.

Best Places to Visit Nearby

1. Takht-e Soleyman
   • An ancient archaeological site and UNESCO World Heritage Site located about 140 kilometers from Urmia. It features the ruins of a Zoroastrian fire temple and a Sassanian palace complex, set in a stunning mountainous landscape.
2. Kandovan Village
   • Approximately 160 kilometers from Urmia, Kandovan is a unique village with homes carved into volcanic rock formations. It offers a glimpse into traditional rural life and spectacular natural scenery.
3. Maragheh Observatory
   • Located about 200 kilometers from Urmia, this historical observatory was one of the most advanced in the medieval Islamic world. It features fascinating architectural remains and panoramic views of the surrounding area.
4. Urmia's Surrounding Villages
   • The villages around Urmia, such as Silvaneh and Anzal, offer authentic experiences of rural life. Visitors can explore traditional agriculture, handicrafts, and local cuisine.

What to Avoid

1. Political Discussions
   • Avoid engaging in political discussions or criticizing the government. It’s important to respect local sensitivities and focus on cultural and social topics.
2. Photography Restrictions
   • Be cautious when taking photographs. Avoid photographing government buildings, military installations, and people without their permission.
3. Dress Code
   • Adhere to the local dress code, especially for women, who are required to wear a headscarf and modest clothing covering arms and legs.
4. Unfamiliar Foods
   • While trying local cuisine is part of the experience, be mindful of food hygiene, especially from street vendors. Stick to reputable restaurants to avoid potential health issues.

Local Customs and Behavior

1. Hospitality
   • Iranians are known for their hospitality. Accept invitations for tea or meals graciously, as they are sincere gestures of welcome.
2. Greetings
   • A common greeting is "Salam." Men typically shake hands with other men, while greetings between men and women can vary based on the level of familiarity and comfort.
3. Bargaining
   • Bargaining is common in bazaars and markets. It’s a normal part of the shopping experience, so don’t hesitate to negotiate prices.
4. Language
   • While Persian (Farsi) is the official language, many people in Urmia also speak Azerbaijani Turkish. English is not widely spoken, so learning a few basic Persian phrases can be helpful.

Conclusion

Orumiyeh, with its rich cultural heritage, diverse ethnic composition, and stunning natural landscapes, offers a unique and enriching travel experience. From exploring historical sites and vibrant bazaars to enjoying traditional cuisine and warm local hospitality, visitors can immerse themselves in the fascinating tapestry of life in this region. With proper planning, respect for local customs, and an adventurous spirit, a ten-day visit to Orumiyeh promises to be a memorable journey.